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        <h1 id="IPXE-安装-coreos"><a href="#IPXE-安装-coreos" class="headerlink" title="IPXE 安装 coreos"></a>IPXE 安装 coreos</h1><p>  最近在研究pxe安装coreos等轻量级服务器操作系统，如果没有硬件环境测试，可以采用libvirt虚拟机形式安装，同一台机器上安装httpd和libvirt相关服务</p>
<a id="more"></a>

<h2 id="IPXE-DNSMASQ-HTTP"><a href="#IPXE-DNSMASQ-HTTP" class="headerlink" title="IPXE + DNSMASQ + HTTP"></a>IPXE + DNSMASQ + HTTP</h2><h3 id="http准备"><a href="#http准备" class="headerlink" title="http准备"></a>http准备</h3><ul>
<li><p>安装 httpd服务,过程略过，默认http服务路径为 <code>/var/www/html</code>，在该目录下准备如下文件。</p>
</li>
<li><p>将 ISO挂载到http服务路径下。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">mkdir coreos.iso</span><br><span class="line">mount -o loop &#x2F;path&#x2F;xxxx.iso coreos.iso</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>准备文件 <code>coreos.ipxe</code> 。</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">#!ipxe</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">set</span> base-url http://192.168.122.1</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">set</span> ign-url <span class="variable">$&#123;base-url&#125;</span>/coreos.ign</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">set</span> kernel-url <span class="variable">$&#123;base-url&#125;</span>/coreos.iso/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">set</span> rootfs-url <span class="variable">$&#123;base-url&#125;</span>/coreos.iso/images/pxeboot/rootfs.img</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">set</span> initrd-url <span class="variable">$&#123;base-url&#125;</span>/coreos.iso/images/pxeboot/initrd.img</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">kernel <span class="variable">$&#123;kernel-url&#125;</span> console=ttyS0 initrd=main coreos.inst.install_dev=/dev/sda coreos.inst.ignition_url=<span class="variable">$&#123;ign-url&#125;</span> coreos.live.rootfs_url=<span class="variable">$&#123;rootfs-url&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line">initrd --name main <span class="variable">$&#123;initrd-url&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line">boot</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>准备文件 <code>coreos.ign</code> ， 其中<code>sshAuthorizedKeys</code> 字段的内容替换为自己的ssh公钥，参考自己机器上的文件<code>~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub</code></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">&quot;ignition&quot;: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    &quot;version&quot;: &quot;3.3.0&quot;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">&quot;passwd&quot;: &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    &quot;users&quot;: [</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        &quot;name&quot;: &quot;core&quot;,</span><br><span class="line">        &quot;sshAuthorizedKeys&quot;: [</span><br><span class="line">        &quot;ssh-rsa xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx root@localhost&quot;</span><br><span class="line">        ]</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    ]</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="DNSMASQ-准备"><a href="#DNSMASQ-准备" class="headerlink" title="DNSMASQ 准备"></a>DNSMASQ 准备</h3><ul>
<li><p>安装软件 <code>yum install  ipxe-bootimgs dnsmasq-utils</code> 。</p>
</li>
<li><p>配置 tftp 。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">mkdir &#x2F;tftpboot</span><br><span class="line"># 适用于 BIOS 硬件</span><br><span class="line">cp &#x2F;usr&#x2F;share&#x2F;ipxe&#x2F;undionly.kpxe &#x2F;tftpboot&#x2F;</span><br><span class="line"># 适用于 EFI 硬件</span><br><span class="line">cp &#x2F;usr&#x2F;share&#x2F;ipxe&#x2F;ipxe.efi &#x2F;tftpboot&#x2F;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>配置 <code>/etc/dnsmasq.conf</code></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># 禁用dns</span><br><span class="line">port&#x3D;0</span><br><span class="line"># 监听地址本机ip</span><br><span class="line">listen-address&#x3D;192.168.249.1</span><br><span class="line"># 接听网口</span><br><span class="line">interface&#x3D;ens33</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 启动tftp</span><br><span class="line">enable-tftp</span><br><span class="line"># 配置tftp存储文件的目录</span><br><span class="line">tftp-root&#x3D;&#x2F;tftpboot</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 随机分配地址</span><br><span class="line">dhcp-range&#x3D;192.168.249.200,192.168.249.250,255.255.255.0</span><br><span class="line"># 或者静态分配地址</span><br><span class="line">#dhcp-range&#x3D;192.168.72.200,static,255.255.255.0</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># 配置引导文件</span><br><span class="line">dhcp-vendorclass&#x3D;BIOS,PXEClient:Arch:00000</span><br><span class="line">dhcp-match&#x3D;set:ipxe,175</span><br><span class="line">dhcp-boot&#x3D;tag:!ipxe,tag:BIOS,undionly.kpxe</span><br><span class="line">dhcp-boot&#x3D;tag:!ipxe,tag:!BIOS,ipxe.efi</span><br><span class="line">dhcp-boot&#x3D;tag:ipxe,http:&#x2F;&#x2F;192.168.249.1&#x2F;coreos.ipxe </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="测试物理机安装"><a href="#测试物理机安装" class="headerlink" title="测试物理机安装"></a>测试物理机安装</h3><p>  bios设置网络启动</p>
<h2 id="IPXE-libvirt-HTTP"><a href="#IPXE-libvirt-HTTP" class="headerlink" title="IPXE + libvirt + HTTP"></a>IPXE + libvirt + HTTP</h2><h3 id="http准备-1"><a href="#http准备-1" class="headerlink" title="http准备"></a>http准备</h3><p>与上面的http步骤相同</p>
<h3 id="libvirt准备"><a href="#libvirt准备" class="headerlink" title="libvirt准备"></a>libvirt准备</h3><ul>
<li>重新编辑默认的default网络。</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">virsh net-destroy default</span><br><span class="line">virsh net-edit default <span class="comment">#参考下面的配置</span></span><br><span class="line">virsh net-start default</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>网络配置参考如下。</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;network connections&#x3D;&#39;1&#39;&gt;</span><br><span class="line">  &lt;name&gt;default&lt;&#x2F;name&gt;</span><br><span class="line">  &lt;uuid&gt;1979bd40-69fa-48f9-82ae-bb18c49fed10&lt;&#x2F;uuid&gt;</span><br><span class="line">  &lt;forward mode&#x3D;&#39;nat&#39;&gt;</span><br><span class="line">    &lt;nat&gt;</span><br><span class="line">      &lt;port start&#x3D;&#39;1024&#39; end&#x3D;&#39;65535&#39;&#x2F;&gt;</span><br><span class="line">    &lt;&#x2F;nat&gt;</span><br><span class="line">  &lt;&#x2F;forward&gt;</span><br><span class="line">  &lt;bridge name&#x3D;&#39;virbr0&#39; stp&#x3D;&#39;on&#39; delay&#x3D;&#39;0&#39;&#x2F;&gt;</span><br><span class="line">  &lt;mac address&#x3D;&#39;52:54:00:d5:5d:39&#39;&#x2F;&gt;</span><br><span class="line">  &lt;ip address&#x3D;&#39;192.168.122.1&#39; netmask&#x3D;&#39;255.255.255.0&#39;&gt;</span><br><span class="line">    &lt;dhcp&gt;</span><br><span class="line">      &lt;range start&#x3D;&#39;192.168.122.2&#39; end&#x3D;&#39;192.168.122.254&#39;&#x2F;&gt;</span><br><span class="line">      &lt;bootp file&#x3D;&#39;http:&#x2F;&#x2F;192.168.122.1&#x2F;coreos.ipxe&#39;&#x2F;&gt; #增加这一行</span><br><span class="line">    &lt;&#x2F;dhcp&gt;</span><br><span class="line">  &lt;&#x2F;ip&gt;</span><br><span class="line">&lt;&#x2F;network&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="测试IPXE启动"><a href="#测试IPXE启动" class="headerlink" title="测试IPXE启动"></a>测试IPXE启动</h3><p>执行命令，注意这里 memory参数必须大于 4096（4G），因为需要解压RAW文件（3G），小于4G系统无法正常网络安装启动。</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">virt-install --pxe --network network=default --name pxe --memory 4096 --disk size=20 --nographics --boot menu=on,useserial=on</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="参考文档"><a href="#参考文档" class="headerlink" title="参考文档"></a>参考文档</h2><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://access.redhat.com/documentation/zh-cn/openshift_container_platform/4.6/html/post-installation_configuration/machine-user-infra-machines-pxe_post-install-node-tasks">RHCOS网络安装</a></p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-coreos/live-reference/">FCOS网络安装</a></p>
<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://dustymabe.com/2019/01/04/easy-pxe-boot-testing-with-only-http-using-ipxe-and-libvirt/">fedora网络安装</a></p>

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